Cholesterol is a fat-like substance that your body needs to function properly. It helps build cells, produce hormones, make vitamin D, and support digestion.
Your liver produces most of the cholesterol your body needs. The rest comes from food.
Cholesterol itself is not harmful. Problems occur when cholesterol levels become too high, especially certain types that can build up inside blood vessels.
What is high cholesterol?
High cholesterol, also known as hypercholesterolemia, means there is too much cholesterol in your blood.
Over time, excess cholesterol can accumulate in the walls of arteries. This increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as:
- Heart attack
- Stroke
- Peripheral artery disease
High cholesterol usually develops slowly over many years.
Does high cholesterol cause symptoms?
Usually not.
Most people with high cholesterol feel completely healthy and have no warning signs.
A blood test is the only reliable way to know your cholesterol levels.
Why is it important?
High cholesterol is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
The good news is that healthy lifestyle choices and, when needed, medication can significantly reduce this risk.
What can I do to improve my cholesterol?
You can improve your cholesterol levels by:
- Eating a heart-healthy diet (Learn more about Nutrition)
- Being physically active (Learn more about Activity)
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Not smoking
- Following your healthcare provider's advice about medication